424 lines
15 KiB
Python
424 lines
15 KiB
Python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
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"""
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音频格式转换工具
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提供跨平台音频格式转换功能
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"""
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import platform
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import struct
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import numpy as np
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from typing import Tuple, Optional
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import subprocess
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import tempfile
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import os
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import wave
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class AudioConverter:
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"""音频格式转换工具类"""
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def __init__(self):
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# 预分配转换缓冲区
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self._conversion_cache = {}
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self._numpy_available = self._check_numpy()
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self._conversion_buffer = bytearray(65536) # 64KB预分配缓冲区
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def _check_numpy(self) -> bool:
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"""检查numpy是否可用"""
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try:
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import numpy as np
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return True
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except ImportError:
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return False
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@staticmethod
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def get_platform_info() -> dict:
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"""获取平台信息"""
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return {
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'system': platform.system(),
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'machine': platform.machine(),
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'platform': platform.platform()
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}
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def float32_to_int16_fast(self, float32_data: bytes) -> bytes:
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"""高性能Float32到Int16转换"""
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if len(float32_data) % 4 != 0:
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float32_data = float32_data[:len(float32_data) - len(float32_data) % 4]
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# 使用numpy进行快速转换（如果可用）
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if self._numpy_available:
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try:
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import numpy as np
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# 直接转换为numpy数组，避免多次解包
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float_array = np.frombuffer(float32_data, dtype=np.float32)
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# 限制范围并转换
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float_array = np.clip(float_array, -1.0, 1.0)
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int16_array = (float_array * 32767).astype(np.int16)
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return int16_array.tobytes()
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"numpy转换失败，使用备用方法: {e}")
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# 高效的纯Python实现
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num_samples = len(float32_data) // 4
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if num_samples == 0:
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return b''
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# 使用内存视图和struct模块进行高效转换
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float_values = struct.unpack(f'{num_samples}f', float32_data)
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# 使用列表推导式和生成器表达式提高性能
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int16_values = [max(-32768, min(32767, int(val * 32767))) for val in float_values]
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# 批量打包
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return struct.pack(f'{len(int16_values)}h', *int16_values)
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@staticmethod
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def float32_to_int16(float32_data: bytes) -> bytes:
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"""将Float32格式转换为Int16格式（保持向后兼容）"""
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converter = AudioConverter()
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return converter.float32_to_int16_fast(float32_data)
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@staticmethod
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def int16_to_float32(int16_data: bytes) -> bytes:
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"""将Int16格式转换为Float32格式"""
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if len(int16_data) % 2 != 0:
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# 处理数据长度不是2的倍数的情况
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int16_data = int16_data[:len(int16_data) - len(int16_data) % 2]
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# 解包Int16数据
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int16_values = struct.unpack(f'{len(int16_data) // 2}h', int16_data)
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# 转换为Float32
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float_values = []
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for val in int16_values:
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# 转换为Float32范围
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float_val = val / 32767.0
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float_values.append(float_val)
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# 打包为Float32字节数据
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return struct.pack(f'{len(float_values)}f', *float_values)
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@staticmethod
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def resample_audio(audio_data: bytes, src_rate: int, dst_rate: int,
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channels: int = 1, bit_depth: int = 16) -> bytes:
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"""重采样音频数据"""
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if src_rate == dst_rate:
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return audio_data
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try:
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import librosa
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import soundfile as sf
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# 计算样本数
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if bit_depth == 32: # Float32
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samples = len(audio_data) // 4
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dtype = np.float32
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else: # Int16
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samples = len(audio_data) // 2
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dtype = np.int16
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# 重塑音频数据
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if bit_depth == 32:
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audio_array = np.frombuffer(audio_data, dtype=np.float32)
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else:
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audio_array = np.frombuffer(audio_data, dtype=np.int16)
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audio_array = audio_array.reshape(-1, channels)
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# 使用librosa进行重采样
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resampled = librosa.resample(audio_array.T, orig_sr=src_rate, target_sr=dst_rate).T
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# 转换回字节数据
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return resampled.astype(dtype).tobytes()
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except ImportError:
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print("警告: librosa 未安装，跳过重采样")
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return audio_data
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"重采样失败: {e}")
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return audio_data
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class AudioDeviceDetector:
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"""音频设备检测器"""
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def __init__(self):
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self.platform_info = AudioConverter.get_platform_info()
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self.is_raspberry_pi = self._is_raspberry_pi()
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self.is_mac = self.platform_info['system'] == 'Darwin'
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def _is_raspberry_pi(self) -> bool:
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"""检测是否为树莓派"""
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try:
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with open('/proc/device-tree/model', 'r') as f:
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model = f.read().lower()
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return 'raspberry pi' in model
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except:
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return False
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def detect_audio_devices(self) -> dict:
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"""检测可用的音频设备"""
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devices = {
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'input_devices': [],
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'output_devices': [],
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'default_input': None,
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'default_output': None,
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'supported_formats': [],
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'recommended_format': None
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}
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try:
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import pyaudio
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p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
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# 检测支持的格式
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test_formats = [
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{'format': pyaudio.paFloat32, 'name': 'Float32'},
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{'format': pyaudio.paInt16, 'name': 'Int16'},
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{'format': pyaudio.paInt32, 'name': 'Int32'}
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]
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for fmt in test_formats:
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try:
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# 尝试创建一个测试流来检测格式支持
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stream = p.open(
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format=fmt['format'],
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channels=1,
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rate=24000,
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output=True,
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frames_per_buffer=1024
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)
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stream.close()
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devices['supported_formats'].append(fmt['name'])
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except:
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pass
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# 推荐格式
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if 'Float32' in devices['supported_formats']:
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devices['recommended_format'] = 'Float32'
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elif 'Int16' in devices['supported_formats']:
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devices['recommended_format'] = 'Int16'
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else:
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devices['recommended_format'] = 'Int16' # 默认使用Int16
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# 获取设备信息
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for i in range(p.get_device_count()):
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device_info = p.get_device_info_by_index(i)
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if device_info['maxInputChannels'] > 0:
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devices['input_devices'].append({
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'index': i,
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'name': device_info['name'],
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'channels': device_info['maxInputChannels'],
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'sample_rate': device_info['defaultSampleRate']
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})
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if device_info.get('isDefaultInput', False):
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devices['default_input'] = i
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if device_info['maxOutputChannels'] > 0:
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devices['output_devices'].append({
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'index': i,
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'name': device_info['name'],
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'channels': device_info['maxOutputChannels'],
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'sample_rate': device_info['defaultSampleRate']
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})
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if device_info.get('isDefaultOutput', False):
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devices['default_output'] = i
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p.terminate()
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"音频设备检测失败: {e}")
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# 使用默认配置
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devices['supported_formats'] = ['Int16']
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devices['recommended_format'] = 'Int16'
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return devices
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def get_platform_specific_config(self) -> dict:
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"""获取平台特定的配置"""
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config = {
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'prefer_float32': False,
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'fallback_to_aplay': False,
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'recommended_sample_rate': 16000,
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'recommended_channels': 1,
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'recommended_bit_depth': 16
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}
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if self.is_mac:
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config['prefer_float32'] = True
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config['recommended_sample_rate'] = 24000
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config['recommended_bit_depth'] = 32
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elif self.is_raspberry_pi:
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config['fallback_to_aplay'] = True
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config['recommended_sample_rate'] = 16000
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config['recommended_bit_depth'] = 16
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return config
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def print_device_info(self):
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"""打印设备信息"""
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devices = self.detect_audio_devices()
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config = self.get_platform_specific_config()
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print(f"=== 音频设备信息 ===")
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print(f"平台: {self.platform_info['platform']}")
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print(f"是否为树莓派: {self.is_raspberry_pi}")
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print(f"是否为Mac: {self.is_mac}")
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print()
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print(f"支持的音频格式: {devices['supported_formats']}")
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print(f"推荐格式: {devices['recommended_format']}")
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print()
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print("输出设备:")
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for device in devices['output_devices']:
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marker = " (默认)" if device['index'] == devices['default_output'] else ""
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print(f" [{device['index']}] {device['name']}{marker}")
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print(f" 通道数: {device['channels']}, 采样率: {device['sample_rate']}")
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print()
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print("平台特定配置:")
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for key, value in config.items():
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print(f" {key}: {value}")
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class AudioPlayer:
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"""音频播放器，支持多种播放方式"""
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def __init__(self):
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self.detector = AudioDeviceDetector()
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self.converter = AudioConverter()
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self.device_info = self.detector.detect_audio_devices()
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self.config = self.detector.get_platform_specific_config()
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def play_audio(self, audio_data: bytes, format_type: str = 'Float32',
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sample_rate: int = 24000, channels: int = 1) -> bool:
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"""播放音频数据"""
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print(f"开始播放音频: 格式={format_type}, 采样率={sample_rate}Hz, 通道数={channels}")
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# 尝试不同的播放方式
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if self._try_pyaudio_play(audio_data, format_type, sample_rate, channels):
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return True
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if self.config['fallback_to_aplay'] and self._try_aplay_play(audio_data, format_type, sample_rate, channels):
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return True
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print("所有播放方式都失败了")
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return False
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def _try_pyaudio_play(self, audio_data: bytes, format_type: str,
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sample_rate: int, channels: int) -> bool:
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"""尝试使用pyaudio播放"""
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try:
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import pyaudio
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# 转换格式
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if format_type == 'Float32' and self.device_info['recommended_format'] != 'Float32':
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print(f"转换格式: Float32 -> {self.device_info['recommended_format']}")
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audio_data = self.converter.float32_to_int16(audio_data)
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format_type = 'Int16'
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sample_rate = self.config['recommended_sample_rate']
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# 确定pyaudio格式
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pyaudio_format = pyaudio.paFloat32 if format_type == 'Float32' else pyaudio.paInt16
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# 创建音频流
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p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
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stream = p.open(
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format=pyaudio_format,
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channels=channels,
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rate=sample_rate,
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output=True,
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frames_per_buffer=1024
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)
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# 播放音频
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stream.write(audio_data)
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stream.stop_stream()
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stream.close()
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p.terminate()
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print("pyaudio播放成功")
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return True
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"pyaudio播放失败: {e}")
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return False
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def _try_aplay_play(self, audio_data: bytes, format_type: str,
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sample_rate: int, channels: int) -> bool:
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"""尝试使用aplay播放"""
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if not self.detector.is_raspberry_pi:
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return False
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try:
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# 创建临时文件
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with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix='.wav', delete=False) as tmp_file:
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temp_path = tmp_file.name
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# 转换格式并保存为WAV文件
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if format_type == 'Float32':
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audio_data = self.converter.float32_to_int16(audio_data)
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format_type = 'Int16'
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# 保存为WAV文件
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with wave.open(temp_path, 'wb') as wav_file:
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wav_file.setnchannels(channels)
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wav_file.setsampwidth(2) # 16-bit = 2 bytes
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wav_file.setframerate(sample_rate)
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wav_file.writeframes(audio_data)
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# 使用aplay播放
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result = subprocess.run(['aplay', temp_path],
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capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=30)
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# 清理临时文件
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os.unlink(temp_path)
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if result.returncode == 0:
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print("aplay播放成功")
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return True
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else:
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print(f"aplay播放失败: {result.stderr}")
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return False
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"aplay播放失败: {e}")
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# 清理临时文件
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try:
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os.unlink(temp_path)
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except:
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pass
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return False
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# 测试函数
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def test_audio_conversion():
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"""测试音频转换功能"""
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print("=== 音频转换测试 ===")
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# 创建测试数据
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test_float32 = struct.pack('4f', 0.5, -0.5, 1.0, -1.0)
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# 测试转换
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converter = AudioConverter()
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# Float32 -> Int16
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int16_data = converter.float32_to_int16(test_float32)
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print(f"Float32 -> Int16 转换成功: {len(int16_data)} 字节")
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# Int16 -> Float32
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float32_data = converter.int16_to_float32(int16_data)
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print(f"Int16 -> Float32 转换成功: {len(float32_data)} 字节")
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# 设备检测
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detector = AudioDeviceDetector()
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detector.print_device_info()
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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test_audio_conversion() |