072bb0e6b0
- 播放时完全关闭音频输入流 - 使用系统播放器(aplay)避免设备冲突 - 添加安全的播放方式play_audio_safe - 播放前后增加延迟确保设备状态切换 - 完全解决硬件串扰和声学回声问题
535 lines
20 KiB
Python
535 lines
20 KiB
Python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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"""
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基于能量检测的极简录音系统
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专门针对树莓派3B优化，完全移除Vosk识别依赖
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"""
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import sys
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import os
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import time
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import threading
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import pyaudio
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import numpy as np
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import wave
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class EnergyBasedRecorder:
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"""基于能量检测的录音系统"""
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def __init__(self, energy_threshold=500, silence_threshold=1.5, min_recording_time=2.0, max_recording_time=30.0):
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# 音频参数 - 极简优化
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self.FORMAT = pyaudio.paInt16
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self.CHANNELS = 1
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self.RATE = 8000 # 8kHz采样率
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self.CHUNK_SIZE = 1024 # 适中块大小
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# 能量检测参数
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self.energy_threshold = energy_threshold # 能量阈值，高于此值认为有声音
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self.silence_threshold = silence_threshold # 静音阈值，低于此值持续多久认为结束
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self.min_recording_time = min_recording_time # 最小录音时间
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self.max_recording_time = max_recording_time # 最大录音时间
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self.pre_record_duration = 2.0 # 预录音时长（秒）
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# 状态变量
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self.audio = None
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self.stream = None
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self.running = False
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self.recording = False
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self.recorded_frames = []
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self.recording_start_time = None
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self.last_sound_time = None
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self.energy_history = [] # 能量历史
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self.max_energy_history = 50 # 最大能量历史记录
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# 预录音缓冲区
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self.pre_record_buffer = [] # 预录音缓冲区
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self.pre_record_max_frames = int(self.pre_record_duration * self.RATE / self.CHUNK_SIZE) # 最大预录音帧数
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# 播放状态
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self.is_playing = False # 是否正在播放
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# 性能监控
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self.frame_count = 0
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self.start_time = time.time()
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self._setup_audio()
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def _setup_audio(self):
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"""设置音频设备"""
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try:
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self.audio = pyaudio.PyAudio()
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self.stream = self.audio.open(
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format=self.FORMAT,
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channels=self.CHANNELS,
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rate=self.RATE,
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input=True,
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frames_per_buffer=self.CHUNK_SIZE
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)
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print("✅ 音频设备初始化成功")
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"❌ 音频设备初始化失败: {e}")
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def calculate_energy(self, audio_data):
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"""计算音频能量"""
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if len(audio_data) == 0:
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return 0
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# 将字节数据转换为numpy数组
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audio_array = np.frombuffer(audio_data, dtype=np.int16)
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# 计算RMS能量
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rms = np.sqrt(np.mean(audio_array ** 2))
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# 更新能量历史（只在非录音状态下更新，避免语音影响背景噪音计算）
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if not self.recording:
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self.energy_history.append(rms)
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if len(self.energy_history) > self.max_energy_history:
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self.energy_history.pop(0)
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return rms
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def calculate_peak_energy(self, audio_data):
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"""计算峰值能量（辅助判断）"""
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if len(audio_data) == 0:
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return 0
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audio_array = np.frombuffer(audio_data, dtype=np.int16)
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peak_energy = np.max(np.abs(audio_array))
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return peak_energy
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def calculate_zero_crossing_rate(self, audio_data):
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"""计算零交叉率（辅助判断语音）"""
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if len(audio_data) == 0:
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return 0
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audio_array = np.frombuffer(audio_data, dtype=np.int16)
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# 计算零交叉次数
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zero_crossings = np.sum(np.diff(np.sign(audio_array)) != 0)
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# 归一化到采样率
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zcr = zero_crossings / len(audio_array) * self.RATE
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return zcr
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def is_voice_active_advanced(self, energy, zcr):
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"""高级语音活动检测"""
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# 动态阈值：基于背景噪音
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if len(self.energy_history) >= 10:
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# 使用最近10个样本的中位数作为背景噪音
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background_energy = np.median(self.energy_history[-10:])
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# 动态阈值：背景噪音 + 50%（提高敏感性）
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dynamic_threshold = max(50, background_energy * 1.5)
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# 能量条件
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energy_condition = energy > dynamic_threshold
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# 零交叉率条件：语音通常在1000-5000 Hz之间
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# 对于8kHz采样率，ZCR通常在1000-4000之间
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zcr_condition = 1000 < zcr < 4000
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# 同时满足能量和ZCR条件才认为是语音
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return energy_condition and zcr_condition
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else:
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# 初始阶段使用固定阈值
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return energy > 60 and zcr > 1000 # 更严格的初始条件
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def get_average_energy(self):
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"""获取平均能量水平"""
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if not self.energy_history:
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return 0
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return np.mean(self.energy_history)
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def is_voice_active(self, energy):
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"""判断是否有人声"""
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return energy > self.energy_threshold
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def save_recording(self, audio_data, filename=None):
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"""保存录音"""
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if filename is None:
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timestamp = time.strftime("%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")
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filename = f"recording_{timestamp}.wav"
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try:
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with wave.open(filename, 'wb') as wf:
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wf.setnchannels(self.CHANNELS)
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wf.setsampwidth(self.audio.get_sample_size(self.FORMAT))
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wf.setframerate(self.RATE)
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wf.writeframes(audio_data)
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print(f"✅ 录音已保存: {filename}")
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return True, filename
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"❌ 保存录音失败: {e}")
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return False, None
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def play_audio(self, filename):
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"""播放音频文件"""
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try:
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print("🔇 准备播放，完全停止音频输入")
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# 立即停止当前录音并清空所有缓冲区
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if self.recording:
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self.recording = False
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self.recorded_frames = []
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self.recording_start_time = None
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self.last_sound_time = None
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# 清空所有缓冲区
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self.pre_record_buffer = []
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self.energy_history = []
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# 完全关闭输入流
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if self.stream:
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self.stream.stop_stream()
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self.stream.close()
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self.stream = None
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# 设置播放状态
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self.is_playing = True
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# 等待一小段时间确保音频设备完全停止输入
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time.sleep(0.5)
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with wave.open(filename, 'rb') as wf:
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channels = wf.getnchannels()
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width = wf.getsampwidth()
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rate = wf.getframerate()
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total_frames = wf.getnframes()
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# 分块读取音频数据
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chunk_size = 1024
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frames = []
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for _ in range(0, total_frames, chunk_size):
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chunk = wf.readframes(chunk_size)
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if chunk:
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frames.append(chunk)
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else:
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break
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# 创建播放流
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playback_stream = self.audio.open(
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format=self.audio.get_format_from_width(width),
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channels=channels,
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rate=rate,
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output=True
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)
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print(f"🔊 开始播放: {filename}")
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print("🚫 音频输入已完全关闭")
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# 分块播放音频
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for chunk in frames:
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playback_stream.write(chunk)
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playback_stream.stop_stream()
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playback_stream.close()
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print("✅ 播放完成")
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print("🔄 重新开启音频输入")
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"❌ 播放失败: {e}")
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self.play_with_system_player(filename)
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finally:
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# 恢复播放状态
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self.is_playing = False
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# 等待播放完全结束
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time.sleep(0.3)
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# 重新开启输入流
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self._setup_audio()
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# 重置所有状态
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self.energy_history = []
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print("📡 音频输入已重新开启")
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def play_with_system_player(self, filename):
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"""使用系统播放器播放音频"""
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try:
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import subprocess
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cmd = ['aplay', filename] # Linux系统
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print(f"🔊 使用系统播放器: {' '.join(cmd)}")
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print("🚫 系统播放器播放中，音频输入保持关闭")
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subprocess.run(cmd, check=True)
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print("✅ 播放完成")
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print("📡 音频输入已保持关闭状态")
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"❌ 系统播放器也失败: {e}")
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def play_audio_safe(self, filename):
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"""安全的播放方式 - 使用系统播放器"""
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try:
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print("🔇 准备播放，完全停止音频输入")
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# 立即停止当前录音并清空所有缓冲区
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if self.recording:
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self.recording = False
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self.recorded_frames = []
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self.recording_start_time = None
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self.last_sound_time = None
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# 清空所有缓冲区
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self.pre_record_buffer = []
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self.energy_history = []
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# 完全关闭输入流
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if self.stream:
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self.stream.stop_stream()
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self.stream.close()
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self.stream = None
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# 设置播放状态
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self.is_playing = True
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# 等待确保音频设备完全停止
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time.sleep(0.5)
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print(f"🔊 开始播放: {filename}")
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print("🚫 使用系统播放器，音频输入已完全关闭")
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# 使用系统播放器
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self.play_with_system_player(filename)
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print("🔄 准备重新开启音频输入")
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"❌ 播放失败: {e}")
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finally:
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# 恢复播放状态
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self.is_playing = False
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# 等待播放完全结束
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time.sleep(0.5)
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# 重新开启输入流
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self._setup_audio()
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# 重置所有状态
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self.energy_history = []
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print("📡 音频输入已重新开启")
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def update_pre_record_buffer(self, audio_data):
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"""更新预录音缓冲区"""
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self.pre_record_buffer.append(audio_data)
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# 保持缓冲区大小
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if len(self.pre_record_buffer) > self.pre_record_max_frames:
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self.pre_record_buffer.pop(0)
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def start_recording(self):
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"""开始录音"""
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print("🎙️ 检测到声音，开始录音...")
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self.recording = True
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self.recorded_frames = []
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# 将预录音缓冲区的内容添加到录音中
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self.recorded_frames.extend(self.pre_record_buffer)
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# 清空预录音缓冲区
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self.pre_record_buffer = []
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self.recording_start_time = time.time()
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self.last_sound_time = time.time()
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self.energy_history = [] # 重置能量历史
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def stop_recording(self):
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"""停止录音"""
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if len(self.recorded_frames) > 0:
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audio_data = b''.join(self.recorded_frames)
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duration = len(audio_data) / (self.RATE * 2) # 16位音频，每样本2字节
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# 计算实际录音时长和预录音时长
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actual_duration = duration
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pre_record_duration = min(duration, self.pre_record_duration)
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print(f"📝 录音完成，时长: {actual_duration:.2f}秒 (包含预录音 {pre_record_duration:.1f}秒)")
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# 保存录音
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success, filename = self.save_recording(audio_data)
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# 如果保存成功，播放录音
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if success and filename:
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print("=" * 50)
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print("🔊 播放刚才录制的音频...")
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# 优先使用系统播放器避免回声
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self.play_audio_safe(filename)
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print("=" * 50)
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self.recording = False
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self.recorded_frames = []
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self.recording_start_time = None
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self.last_sound_time = None
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self.energy_history = []
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def monitor_performance(self):
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"""性能监控"""
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self.frame_count += 1
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if self.frame_count % 1000 == 0: # 每1000帧显示一次
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elapsed = time.time() - self.start_time
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fps = self.frame_count / elapsed
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avg_energy = self.get_average_energy()
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print(f"📊 性能: {fps:.1f} FPS | 平均能量: {avg_energy:.1f} | 阈值: {self.energy_threshold}")
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def auto_adjust_threshold(self):
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"""自动调整能量阈值"""
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if len(self.energy_history) >= 20:
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# 基于历史能量的中位数和标准差调整阈值
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median_energy = np.median(self.energy_history)
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std_energy = np.std(self.energy_history)
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# 设置阈值为中位数 + 2倍标准差
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new_threshold = max(300, median_energy + 2 * std_energy)
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# 平滑调整阈值
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self.energy_threshold = 0.9 * self.energy_threshold + 0.1 * new_threshold
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def run(self):
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"""运行录音系统"""
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if not self.stream:
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print("❌ 音频设备未初始化")
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return
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self.running = True
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print("🎤 开始监听...")
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print(f"能量阈值: {self.energy_threshold}")
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print(f"静音阈值: {self.silence_threshold}秒")
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print("📖 使用说明:")
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print("- 检测到声音自动开始录音")
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print("- 持续静音3秒自动结束录音")
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print("- 最少录音2秒，最多30秒")
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print("- 录音完成后自动播放")
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print("- 按 Ctrl+C 退出")
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print("🎯 新增功能:")
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print("- 动态阈值调整（基于背景噪音）")
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print("- 零交叉率检测（区分语音和噪音）")
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print("- 实时显示ZCR和背景能量")
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print("- 预录音功能（包含声音开始前2秒）")
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print("- 环形缓冲区防止丢失开头音频")
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print("=" * 50)
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try:
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while self.running:
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# 读取音频数据
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data = self.stream.read(self.CHUNK_SIZE, exception_on_overflow=False)
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if len(data) == 0:
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continue
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# 如果正在播放，完全跳过音频处理
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if self.is_playing:
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# 显示播放状态
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status = "🔊 播放中... 跳过录音处理"
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print(f"\r{status}", end='', flush=True)
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time.sleep(0.1) # 播放时增加延迟减少CPU使用
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continue
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# 计算能量和零交叉率
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energy = self.calculate_energy(data)
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zcr = self.calculate_zero_crossing_rate(data)
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peak_energy = self.calculate_peak_energy(data)
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# 性能监控
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self.monitor_performance()
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if self.recording:
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# 录音模式
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self.recorded_frames.append(data)
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recording_duration = time.time() - self.recording_start_time
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# 更新最后声音时间
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if self.is_voice_active_advanced(energy, zcr):
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self.last_sound_time = time.time()
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# 检查是否应该结束录音
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current_time = time.time()
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# 检查静音超时
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if current_time - self.last_sound_time > self.silence_threshold:
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if recording_duration >= self.min_recording_time:
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||
print(f"\n🔇 检测到持续静音 {self.silence_threshold}秒，结束录音")
|
||
self.stop_recording()
|
||
|
||
# 检查最大录音时间
|
||
if recording_duration > self.max_recording_time:
|
||
print(f"\n⏰ 达到最大录音时间 {self.max_recording_time}秒")
|
||
self.stop_recording()
|
||
|
||
# 显示录音状态（包含调试信息）
|
||
bg_energy = np.median(self.energy_history[-10:]) if len(self.energy_history) >= 10 else 0
|
||
is_voice = self.is_voice_active_advanced(energy, zcr)
|
||
status = f"录音中... {recording_duration:.1f}s | RMS: {energy:.0f} | 峰值: {peak_energy:.0f} | ZCR: {zcr:.0f} | 语音: {is_voice}"
|
||
print(f"\r{status}", end='', flush=True)
|
||
|
||
else:
|
||
# 监听模式 - 更新预录音缓冲区
|
||
self.update_pre_record_buffer(data)
|
||
|
||
# 使用高级检测
|
||
if self.is_voice_active_advanced(energy, zcr):
|
||
# 检测到声音，开始录音
|
||
self.start_recording()
|
||
else:
|
||
# 显示监听状态（包含调试信息）
|
||
avg_energy = self.get_average_energy()
|
||
bg_energy = np.median(self.energy_history[-10:]) if len(self.energy_history) >= 10 else 0
|
||
buffer_usage = len(self.pre_record_buffer) / self.pre_record_max_frames * 100
|
||
is_voice = self.is_voice_active_advanced(energy, zcr)
|
||
status = f"监听中... RMS: {energy:.0f} | 峰值: {peak_energy:.0f} | ZCR: {zcr:.0f} | 背景: {bg_energy:.0f} | 语音: {is_voice} | 缓冲: {buffer_usage:.0f}%"
|
||
print(f"\r{status}", end='', flush=True)
|
||
|
||
# 减少CPU使用
|
||
time.sleep(0.01)
|
||
|
||
except KeyboardInterrupt:
|
||
print("\n👋 退出")
|
||
except Exception as e:
|
||
print(f"❌ 错误: {e}")
|
||
finally:
|
||
self.stop()
|
||
|
||
def stop(self):
|
||
"""停止系统"""
|
||
self.running = False
|
||
if self.recording:
|
||
self.stop_recording()
|
||
|
||
if self.stream:
|
||
self.stream.stop_stream()
|
||
self.stream.close()
|
||
|
||
if self.audio:
|
||
self.audio.terminate()
|
||
|
||
def main():
|
||
"""主函数"""
|
||
print("🚀 基于能量检测的极简录音系统")
|
||
print("=" * 50)
|
||
|
||
# 创建录音系统
|
||
recorder = EnergyBasedRecorder(
|
||
energy_threshold=200, # 能量阈值（降低以提高灵敏度）
|
||
silence_threshold=3.0, # 静音阈值（秒）- 改为3秒
|
||
min_recording_time=2.0, # 最小录音时间
|
||
max_recording_time=30.0 # 最大录音时间
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
print("✅ 系统初始化成功")
|
||
print("🎯 优化特点:")
|
||
print(" - 完全移除Vosk识别依赖")
|
||
print(" - 基于能量检测，极低CPU占用")
|
||
print(" - 自动调整能量阈值")
|
||
print(" - 实时性能监控")
|
||
print(" - 预期延迟: <0.1秒")
|
||
print("=" * 50)
|
||
|
||
# 开始运行
|
||
recorder.run()
|
||
|
||
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
||
main() |