405 lines
12 KiB
Python
405 lines
12 KiB
Python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
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"""
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WS2812B SPI测试脚本 - 基于rpi_ws281x库
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使用SPI接口和GPIO10控制WS2812B LED灯带
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rpi_ws281x库在SPI模式下只能使用GPIO10引脚
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"""
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import time
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import subprocess
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import sys
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import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
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from rpi_ws281x import Color, PixelStrip
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# LED参数配置 - SPI模式
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LED_COUNT = 10 # LED数量
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LED_PIN = 10 # GPIO引脚（SPI模式只能使用GPIO10）
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LED_FREQ_HZ = 800000 # LED信号频率
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LED_DMA = 10 # DMA通道
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LED_BRIGHTNESS = 100 # 亮度（0-255）- 恢复适中亮度
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LED_INVERT = False # 是否反转信号
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LED_CHANNEL = 0 # PWM通道（SPI模式）
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# SPI时序参数
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SPI_RESET_DELAY = 0.1 # 重置延时（秒）
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SPI_SHOW_DELAY = 0.001 # show()后延时（秒）
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def color_wipe(strip, color, wait_ms=50):
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"""颜色擦除效果 - 逐个点亮LED"""
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for i in range(strip.numPixels()):
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strip.setPixelColor(i, color)
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strip.show()
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time.sleep(wait_ms / 1000.0)
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time.sleep(SPI_SHOW_DELAY) # 添加show()后延时
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# 颜色显示完成后添加重置延时
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time.sleep(SPI_RESET_DELAY)
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def theater_chase(strip, color, wait_ms=50, iterations=10):
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"""剧院追逐效果"""
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for j in range(iterations):
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for q in range(3):
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for i in range(0, strip.numPixels(), 3):
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strip.setPixelColor(i + q, color)
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strip.show()
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time.sleep(wait_ms / 1000.0)
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for i in range(0, strip.numPixels(), 3):
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strip.setPixelColor(i + q, 0)
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def rainbow(strip, wait_ms=20, iterations=1):
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"""彩虹效果"""
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for j in range(256 * iterations):
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for i in range(strip.numPixels()):
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strip.setPixelColor(i, wheel((i + j) & 255))
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strip.show()
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time.sleep(SPI_SHOW_DELAY) # 添加show后延时
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time.sleep(wait_ms / 1000.0)
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def rainbow_cycle(strip, wait_ms=20, iterations=5):
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"""彩虹循环效果"""
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for j in range(256 * iterations):
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for i in range(strip.numPixels()):
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strip.setPixelColor(i, wheel((int(i * 256 / strip.numPixels()) + j) & 255))
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strip.show()
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time.sleep(SPI_SHOW_DELAY) # 添加show后延时
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time.sleep(wait_ms / 1000.0)
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def wheel(pos):
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"""生成彩虹颜色"""
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if pos < 85:
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return Color(pos * 3, 255 - pos * 3, 0)
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elif pos < 170:
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pos -= 85
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return Color(255 - pos * 3, 0, pos * 3)
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else:
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pos -= 170
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return Color(0, pos * 3, 255 - pos * 3)
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def reset_strip(strip):
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"""重置LED灯带，解决颜色锁死问题"""
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# 清空所有LED
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for i in range(strip.numPixels()):
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strip.setPixelColor(i, Color(0, 0, 0))
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strip.show()
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# 更长的重置延时确保WS2812B完全重置
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time.sleep(SPI_RESET_DELAY)
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# 发送额外的重置序列
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for i in range(5):
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strip.show()
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time.sleep(SPI_SHOW_DELAY)
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# 最终重置延时
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time.sleep(SPI_RESET_DELAY)
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def hard_reset_spi():
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"""硬件级别的SPI重置"""
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print("执行硬件级SPI重置...")
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# 尝试通过系统命令重置SPI
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try:
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# 重启SPI内核模块
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subprocess.run(["sudo", "rmmod", "spi_bcm2835"], check=False, capture_output=True)
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subprocess.run(["sudo", "modprobe", "spi_bcm2835"], check=False, capture_output=True)
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print("SPI内核模块重置完成")
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except:
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print("SPI内核模块重置失败")
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# 等待SPI重新初始化
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time.sleep(1)
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def complete_cleanup(strip):
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"""完全清理SPI资源"""
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print("执行完全清理...")
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try:
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# 清空LED
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for i in range(strip.numPixels()):
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strip.setPixelColor(i, Color(0, 0, 0))
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strip.show()
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# 长时间重置
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time.sleep(SPI_RESET_DELAY * 2)
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# 尝试释放SPI资源
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# 注意：rpi_ws281x库没有直接的close方法，所以我们通过其他方式清理
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"清理过程中出现错误: {e}")
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# 硬件重置
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hard_reset_spi()
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print("完全清理完成")
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def test_single_color_with_reset(strip, color, color_name):
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"""测试单个颜色并立即重置"""
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print(f"测试{color_name}...")
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try:
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# 设置颜色
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for i in range(strip.numPixels()):
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strip.setPixelColor(i, color)
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strip.show()
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time.sleep(SPI_SHOW_DELAY)
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# 短暂显示
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time.sleep(0.5)
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# 立即清空
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for i in range(strip.numPixels()):
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strip.setPixelColor(i, Color(0, 0, 0))
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strip.show()
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time.sleep(SPI_RESET_DELAY)
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print(f"{color_name}测试完成")
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"{color_name}测试失败: {e}")
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return False
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return True
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def safe_color_test(strip):
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"""安全颜色测试，避免WS2812B锁死"""
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print("安全颜色测试...")
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# 使用新的测试方法
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success = True
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success &= test_single_color_with_reset(strip, Color(255, 0, 0), "红色")
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time.sleep(0.5)
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success &= test_single_color_with_reset(strip, Color(0, 255, 0), "绿色")
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time.sleep(0.5)
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success &= test_single_color_with_reset(strip, Color(0, 0, 255), "蓝色")
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time.sleep(0.5)
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success &= test_single_color_with_reset(strip, Color(255, 255, 255), "白色")
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if success:
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print("所有颜色测试完成")
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else:
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print("颜色测试过程中出现问题")
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complete_cleanup(strip)
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def set_brightness(strip, brightness):
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"""设置所有LED的亮度"""
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for i in range(strip.numPixels()):
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# 获取当前颜色并应用新的亮度
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color = strip.getPixelColor(i)
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r = (color >> 16) & 0xFF
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g = (color >> 8) & 0xFF
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b = color & 0xFF
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# 应用亮度
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r = int(r * brightness / 255)
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g = int(g * brightness / 255)
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b = int(b * brightness / 255)
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strip.setPixelColor(i, Color(r, g, b))
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strip.show()
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def test_basic_colors(strip):
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"""测试基本颜色"""
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print("测试基本颜色...")
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safe_color_test(strip)
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def test_brightness_levels(strip):
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"""测试不同亮度级别"""
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print("测试亮度级别...")
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# 高亮度
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print("高亮度")
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set_brightness(strip, 255)
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time.sleep(2)
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# 中等亮度
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print("中等亮度")
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set_brightness(strip, 128)
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time.sleep(2)
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# 低亮度
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print("低亮度")
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set_brightness(strip, 64)
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time.sleep(2)
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# 恢复高亮度
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set_brightness(strip, 255)
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def test_patterns(strip):
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"""测试各种模式"""
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print("测试彩虹效果...")
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rainbow(strip)
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time.sleep(1)
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print("测试彩虹循环...")
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rainbow_cycle(strip)
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time.sleep(1)
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print("测试剧院追逐...")
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theater_chase(strip, Color(255, 0, 0))
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theater_chase(strip, Color(0, 255, 0))
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theater_chase(strip, Color(0, 0, 255))
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time.sleep(1)
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def test_spi_timing(strip):
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"""测试SPI时序"""
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print("测试SPI时序...")
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# 快速刷新测试
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print("快速刷新测试")
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for i in range(10):
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color = Color((i * 25) % 256, (i * 50) % 256, (i * 75) % 256)
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color_wipe(strip, color, 10)
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# 精确时序测试
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print("精确时序测试")
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start_time = time.time()
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for i in range(100):
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strip.setPixelColor(0, Color(255, 0, 0))
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strip.show()
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time.sleep(SPI_SHOW_DELAY)
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strip.setPixelColor(0, Color(0, 255, 0))
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strip.show()
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time.sleep(SPI_SHOW_DELAY)
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strip.setPixelColor(0, Color(0, 0, 255))
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strip.show()
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time.sleep(SPI_SHOW_DELAY)
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end_time = time.time()
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print(f"300次刷新耗时: {end_time - start_time:.3f}秒")
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print(f"平均每次刷新: {(end_time - start_time) / 300 * 1000:.2f}毫秒")
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# SPI模式验证
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print("SPI模式验证")
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print("当前使用GPIO10 (MOSI)引脚进行SPI通信")
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print("数据通过SPI0.0通道传输到WS2812B")
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print(f"重置延时: {SPI_RESET_DELAY}秒")
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print(f"Show延时: {SPI_SHOW_DELAY}秒")
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def diagnose_spi_issues(strip):
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"""诊断SPI问题"""
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print("=== SPI问题诊断 ===")
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print("1. 测试单个LED颜色切换...")
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for color_name, color in [("红色", Color(255, 0, 0)),
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("绿色", Color(0, 255, 0)),
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("蓝色", Color(0, 0, 255))]:
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print(f" {color_name}...")
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strip.setPixelColor(0, color)
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strip.show()
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time.sleep(SPI_SHOW_DELAY)
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time.sleep(0.5)
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reset_strip(strip)
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time.sleep(0.5)
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print("2. 测试不同延时设置...")
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for delay in [0.001, 0.005, 0.01, 0.05]:
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print(f" 延时 {delay} 秒...")
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strip.setPixelColor(0, Color(255, 0, 0))
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strip.show()
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time.sleep(delay)
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strip.setPixelColor(0, Color(0, 255, 0))
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strip.show()
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time.sleep(delay)
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strip.setPixelColor(0, Color(0, 0, 255))
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strip.show()
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time.sleep(delay)
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reset_strip(strip)
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time.sleep(0.5)
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print("诊断完成")
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def initialize_strip():
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"""初始化LED灯带"""
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print("初始化WS2812B LED灯带...")
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print("使用SPI模式和GPIO10引脚...")
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# 确保SPI处于干净状态
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hard_reset_spi()
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# 创建PixelStrip对象
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strip = PixelStrip(LED_COUNT, LED_PIN, LED_FREQ_HZ, LED_DMA, LED_INVERT, LED_BRIGHTNESS, LED_CHANNEL)
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strip.begin()
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# 初始化后清空
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time.sleep(0.1)
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for i in range(strip.numPixels()):
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strip.setPixelColor(i, Color(0, 0, 0))
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strip.show()
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time.sleep(SPI_RESET_DELAY)
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return strip
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def main():
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"""主测试函数"""
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# 初始化LED灯带
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strip = initialize_strip()
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print("WS2812B SPI测试开始...")
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print(f"LED数量: {LED_COUNT}")
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print(f"使用引脚: GPIO{LED_PIN} (SPI MOSI)")
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print(f"SPI通道: SPI0.0")
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print(f"亮度级别: {LED_BRIGHTNESS}")
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print("注意: rpi_ws281x库在SPI模式下必须使用GPIO10引脚")
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print("重要: 每次测试后都会执行完全清理以避免锁死")
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try:
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while True:
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print("\n=== WS2812B SPI测试菜单 ===")
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print("1. 基本颜色测试（修复版）")
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print("2. 亮度级别测试")
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print("3. 特效模式测试")
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print("4. SPI时序测试")
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print("5. SPI问题诊断")
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print("6. 全部测试")
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print("7. 强制重置LED")
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print("8. 退出")
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print("当前使用GPIO10 (SPI模式)")
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choice = input("请选择测试模式 (1-8): ")
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if choice == '1':
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test_basic_colors(strip)
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elif choice == '2':
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test_brightness_levels(strip)
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elif choice == '3':
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test_patterns(strip)
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elif choice == '4':
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test_spi_timing(strip)
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elif choice == '5':
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diagnose_spi_issues(strip)
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elif choice == '6':
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test_basic_colors(strip)
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test_brightness_levels(strip)
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test_patterns(strip)
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test_spi_timing(strip)
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elif choice == '7':
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print("强制重置LED...")
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complete_cleanup(strip)
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print("完全重置完成，需要重新初始化...")
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# 重新初始化
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strip = initialize_strip()
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elif choice == '8':
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print("执行完全清理并退出...")
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complete_cleanup(strip)
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break
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else:
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print("无效选择，请重试")
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except KeyboardInterrupt:
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print("\n收到中断信号...")
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"测试过程中发生错误: {e}")
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finally:
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# 执行完全清理
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print("执行完全清理...")
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complete_cleanup(strip)
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print("测试结束")
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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main()
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